which of the following best explains diffusion?

While this could be facilitated by other molecules, it does not directly involve high-energy molecules such as adenosine triphosphate (ATP) or guanosine triphosphate (GTP). The same gas would diffuse slightly more slowly in a liquid such as water and slowest in a solid. Active transport: primary & secondary overview (article) | Khan Academy Lipids do not mix with water (recall that oil is a lipid), so the phospholipid bilayer of the cell membrane acts as a barrier, keeping water out of the cell, and keeping the cytoplasm inside the cell. The phospholipid tails are ________, which make the plasma membrane impermeable to water. All the examples given above were instances of simple diffusion. Typically, diffusion refers to the movement of molecules from high concentrations to lower concentrations. What is required for its transport? Epinephrine is taken into the cell by endocytosis; glycogen is converted to glucose in the endocytotic vesicle. This is an example of: Resting membrane potential is due to unequal concentrations of: Two types of active transport via vesicles are: Which of the following best describes secondary active transport? If a person is severely dehydrated, their extracellular fluids will become hypertonic to the intracellular fluid. Heroes and Highlights in the History of Diffusion. If for example there are alot of sodium ions outside, their positive charges will repel and like atoms don't like being near eachother so they flow to the other side if there's a way to. Direct link to William H's post If for example there are , Posted 5 years ago. 1. Accessibility StatementFor more information contact us atinfo@libretexts.orgor check out our status page at https://status.libretexts.org. i dont quite understand the secondary active transport. Describe flow of solvent molecules across a membrane. When the sodium ions bind, they trigger the pump to hydrolyze (break down) ATP. The first image shows a long-lot survey method with a linear settlement pattern, and the second image shows a metes-and- bounds survey method with a dispersed settlement pattern. She consumed a large amount of water in a short time (Don't try thiswater intoxication is often fatal.). Biology Dictionary. Which of these statements about diffusion of molecules is true? A heavier molecule with a larger surface area will diffuse slowly, while smaller, lighter particles will diffuse more quickly. Facilitated diffusion is powered entirely by GTP hydrolysis B. Which of the following best explains a negative economic consequence of the Green Revolution in less developed countries as compared to more developed countries? The SER detoxifies drugs and harmful substances ingested by and produced in the body. This statement describes _____. Electrochemical gradients and the membrane potential. For instance, a gas diffuses very quickly in another gas. The reaction proceeds towards completion at a faster rate. Free Flashcards about AP human practice Carbon dioxide would diffuse faster than bromine gas C. Integral membrane proteins that facilitate diffusion are highly specific about their cargo D. All of the above, Biologydictionary.net Editors. ), y1=3y2y2=12y1\begin{aligned} Direct link to tyersome's post Great question since pr, Posted 7 years ago. Main difference: In facilitated diffusion, the solute moves down the concentration gradient, from regions of higher to lower concentration, relying on the specificity of the protein carrier to pass through the membrane. answer choices Through the process of ethnocentrism, American culture has spread throughout the world. A red blood cell will swell and undergo hemolysis (burst) when placed in a hypotonic solution. D. The SER stores calcium ions. Which of the following best compares a technological consequence of the Green Revolution in more developed and less developed countries? C. rough endoplasmic reticulum Terms of Service. Which of the following best explains diffusion? Why does the diffusion of the solute down its concentration gradient release energy? If a person goes to the hospital for surgery and requires IV (intravenous) fluids, which of the following should you expect? The first sugar solution is hypotonic to the second solution. Direct link to Yuya Fujikawa's post Hi, I'm just a little cur, Posted 5 years ago. Osmosis is the diffusion of water molecules across a semipermeable membrane from an area of lower concentration solution (i.e., higher concentration of water) to an area of higher concentration solution (i.e., lower concentration of water). The plasma membrane is semipermeable, meaning that some things can enter the cell, and some things cannot. To see how well you know the information, try the Quiz or Test activity. The images shown illustrate the differences in scale of production for two methods of producing thread. Based on the map above, explain the degree to which lettuce production takes place in the United States. Predict what will happen to a patient's red blood cells if you give the patient an IV of pure water. Which of the following is most likely to move through the cell membrane by facilitated diffusion? Imagine this just like a hydroelectric power station uses the energy of water flowing down the waterfall to create electricity. B. In each cycle, three sodium ions exit the cell, while two potassium ions enter. The LibreTexts libraries arePowered by NICE CXone Expertand are supported by the Department of Education Open Textbook Pilot Project, the UC Davis Office of the Provost, the UC Davis Library, the California State University Affordable Learning Solutions Program, and Merlot. Which of the following statements most accurately compares these two agricultural practices? A cell is isotonic to the surrounding 4% dextrose solution. Large polar molecules cannot diffuse across a biological membrane B. B. Imagine you're preparing a barbecue of grilled chicken and salad for friends. to send you a reset link. The river in the long lot survey system provided better access to waterways to transport goods to market. The latter may be 0.5 um while the former may be 100 um (which is more than 10X in comparative size). For example, oxygen is at a higher concentration inside arteries and arterioles, when compared with the oxygen levels in actively respiring cells. Simple diffusion can be disrupted if the diffusion distance is increased. Plantation farming is considered to be an intensive farming practice because it requires large inputs of labor and capital to produce the crop. The tonicity of the IV fluid doesn't matterthe patient won't be in the operating room that long so any tonicity would be OK for a couple of hours. However, the township-and-range system uses simplified calculation to create a more ordered landscape. What organelle degrades old, worn-out organelles and cell components? When placed in a hypertonic solution, a red blood cell will lose water and undergo crenation (shrivel). Which of the following is used to export large molecules from the cell? Which of the following explains an impact of globalized agricultural commodity chains on consumers as compared to producers? Fish cells, like all cells, have semipermeable membranes. The electrode system developed a potential of 0.2331V-0.2331 \mathrm{~V}0.2331V when immersed in 10.010.010.0 mL\mathrm{mL}mL of the solution of unknown concentration. No tracking or performance measurement cookies were served with this page. If a cell is in a hypertonic solution, the solution has a lower water concentration than the cell cytosol, and water moves out of the cell until both solutions are isotonic. If a person is severely dehydrated, their extracellular fluids will become hypertonic to the intracellular fluid. 3.5 Passive Transport - Concepts of Biology - 1st Canadian Edition Which of these components add specialized functions to the plasma membrane? What values of a and b would complete each of the following (X and Y are not meant to be any particular elements): 266X+baY15aX+32b\begin{aligned} 266 \mathrm{X} & \rightarrow \alpha+\mathrm{b}^{\mathrm{a}} \mathrm{Y} \\ C. peroxisome This statement describes _____. Microtubules are composed of protein subunits known as: Through the microscope, you see cells swimming. Why Do Giant Pandas Have Low Libido? Type of active transport in which sodium and potassium are pumped across a membrane using ATP, Type of passive process in which water is moved through aquaporins, Type of passive process in which molecules move across the plasma membrane down a concentration gradient, Type of active process in which the cell engulfs extracellular substances by phagocytosis or pinocytosis. Midlatitude climates tend to support similar agricultural crops and practices, such as wheat farming in the United States and China. Osmosis is the diffusion of water molecules across a selectively permeable membrane from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. By what endocytosis process do some white blood cells engulf bacteria? _{15}^{\mathrm{a}} \mathrm{X} & \rightarrow \beta+^{32} \mathrm{b} \end{aligned} If the concentration of dextrose in the solution is increased to 5%, the cell is now in a(n): The total solute concentration of a red blood cell is about 2%. The images show devices developed during the Second Agricultural Revolution. What happens when body cells are placed in a hypertonic solution? Small-scale farmers in Asia often lacked the resources necessary to acquire the hybrid seeds and the chemical inputs to grow them, leaving large gaps in the success of the Green Revolution outside of urban cores. Animal cells tend to do best in an isotonic environment, where the flow of water in and out of the cell is occurring at equal rates. Which of the following substances must travel across a membrane via facilitated diffusion? Water leaves the cells and the cells shrink. C. Diffusion provides ciphertext heterogeneity, while confusion provides algorithm This problem has been solved! The English language became a widely spoken language in North America in the twentieth century. B. smooth endoplasmic reticulum Similarly, the medium in which diffusion occurs could also be in one of the three physical states. Though water is a polar molecule, it can also diffuse through the plasma membrane. All the ways scientists do investigations. Some molecules can go through the cell membrane to enter and leave the cell, but some cannot. Which of the following is least likely to increase the rate of diffusion? An example of this is the way the noxious smell of ammonia gas spreads in air. Be sure to clean up when you are done. The food coloring mixes through the hot water faster than it mixes with the cold water. To unpackage and unwind DNA so that enzymes can access the individual genes. This process requires some form of chemical energy. It is simply the statistical outcome of random motion. Which of the following compares this geographic relationship between these revolutions? In the context of the Second Agricultural Revolution, which of the following trends is represented in these images? One of the main characteristics of . A vesicle fuses with the plasma membrane and releases its contents to the extracellular fluid. Direct link to Stocke's post Why does the diffusion of, Posted 7 years ago. The hypertonic solution has a lower water concentration than the hypotonic solution, so a concentration gradient of water now exists across the membrane. In chemical processes, diffusion is often the central principle driving many reactions. sideropenia _____________________________________________________. Direct link to Zaeen Iqbal's post i dont quite understand t, Posted 7 years ago. When you've placed seven or more cards in the Don't know box, tap "retry" to try those cards again. Which of the following is not required for osmosis to occur? Which of the following explains the diffusion and successful cultivation of many plants and animals in new regions of the world through the Columbian Exchange? In facilitated diffusion, molecules only move with the aid of a protein in the membrane. \dot{Q}_{\mathrm{H}}=500 \mathrm{kW}, \dot{Q}_{\mathrm{C}}=100 \mathrm{kW}} \\ {\text { b. } Grain farming is an extensive farming practice that can maximize profits in part by lower land costs, lower transportation costs, and imperishability of the product. Phosphorylation makes the pump change shape, re-orienting itself so it opens towards the extracellular space. Because of the hydrophilic and hydrophobic nature of the phospholipid, the molecule must be arranged in a specific pattern as only certain parts of the molecule can physically be in contact with water. The two images show different agricultural methods. Think of how delicious smells from your kitchen take longer to get into your bedroom than to your living room which is located right beside the kitchen. are in the same box the next time you log in. Her much more prepared A&P student roommate quickly realized the problem and called an ambulance. In this experiment, the food coloring that gets added is the same temperature in each of the hot and cold water tests. Retrieved from https://biologydictionary.net/diffusion/. Diffusion is the mixing of substances due to the movement of their particles. (1967). solute: a substance dissolved in another to form a solution. A not very well-studied A&P student heard about a phenomenon called water intoxication and thought it sounded fun so she decided to try it. Use these flashcards to help memorize information. Farmers in less developed countries were able to increase their profits from growing and exporting high-yield grain to levels similar to those in more developed countries. However, for molecules in the periphery, rapidly moving molecules in the air also influence their movement, allowing them to diffuse into the air. In simple diffusion, this process proceeds without the aid of a transport protein. Passive transport and active transport across a cell membrane article Instead of feeling drunk, she felt nauseated, developed a severe headache, began to get confused, and then became unconscious. Similarly, the medium in which diffusion occurs could also be in one of the three physical states. See our LEFT ARROW - move card to the Don't know pile. Because a solute moving down its concentration gradient is spontaneous. Simple diagram of a symporter (carrying two molecules in the same direction) and an antiporter (carrying two molecules in opposite directions). Imagine you have a cup that has \(100 \: \text{mL}\) water, and you add \(15 \: \text{g}\) of table sugar to the water. You now add the two solutions to a beaker that has been divided by a semipermeable membrane, with pores that are too small for the sugar molecules to pass through, but are big enough for the water molecules to pass through. Anatomy and Physiology Chapter 14 & 15 Hw/Qui, Subject pronouns and at verb's conjugation ch, Mastering A&P Chapter 3 - Cells: The Living U, David N. Shier, Jackie L. Butler, Ricki Lewis, Organizational Behavior: Managing People and Organizations, Jean Phillips, Ricky W. Griffin, Stanley Gully. What four steps should you take to reduce your risk for foodborne illnesses? Which of the following best explains the risks associated with pesticide applications? He should be given a hypotonic drip to draw fluid out of his cells. Which of the following best describes the differences in the agricultural practices and land use for these products? Muscle cells require an abundant amount of ATP to function. One of the most important pumps in animal cells is the, Not only does the sodium-potassium pump maintain correct concentrations of Na. Diffusion. The rate of this movement depends on the energy of the . When the roommate told the Emergency Department doctor what had happened, the doctor quickly began administering IV (intravenous) fluids. Image depicting the charge and ion distribution across the membrane of a typical cell. On a similar note, any solute that is broken into small pieces and stirred into the solvent dissolves rapidly another indicator of molecules diffusing better when the area of interaction increases. We are not permitting internet traffic to Byjus website from countries within European Union at this time. The cell membrane allows the cell to stay structurally intact in its water-based environment. The sodium-potassium pump uses ATP to move sodium and potassium ions across the plasma membrane. C. Secondary active transport occurs when the movement of one substance is coupled with the passive transport of a second substance. Invention of the plow eased the intensive use of labor, and the innovation of mechanized farm equipment led to improved food production. In the case of a cell, positive and negative charges are separated by the barrier of the cell membrane, with the inside of the cell having extra negative charges relative to the outside. Diffusion through a membrane | Cell Structure Quiz - Quizizz Which of the following best describes advances in the production of textiles during the Second Agricultural Revolution and the Industrial Revolution? This electricity can do work. Primary active transport, secondary active transport, exocytosis, and endocytosis are all what type of process? Direct link to Ivana - Science trainee's post yes, dimensions also play. The image is a simple representation of the diffusion of one particle in another medium. Direct link to liweiong272's post Main difference: In facil, Posted 6 years ago. Direct link to Yago's post Why can't the Sodium move, Posted 4 years ago. So the phospholipids are arranged in a double layer (a bilayer) to keep the cell separate from its environment. This may seem like a complicated cycle, but it just involves the protein going back and forth between two forms: an inward-facing form with high affinity for sodium (and low affinity for potassium) and an outward-facing form with high affinity for potassium (and low affinity for sodium). In general, to maintain homeostasis the relationship between our intracellular and extracellular fluids should be which of the following? QUESTION 28 Which of the following best explains the role of transcription in a cell? Which of the following best explains the differences between the patterns of land use in the township-and-range system and the long-lot system, as shown in the images? Never needs the presence of any other molecule C. Diffusion of every molecule is dependent on its concentration gradient and independent of the concentration of other molecular species in the medium D. All of the above, 2. Diffusion is an important part of many biological and chemical processes. It can involve either the spreading of a material through a medium or the transport of a particle across a membrane. Your cells have a plasma membrane that helps to guard your cells from unwanted intruders. In any system, molecules are moving with a certain amount of kinetic energy. Therefore, they are NOT able to __________. What do you predict will happen to the person's cells? A&P HW 5 Flashcards | Quizlet This apparent slowing down is due to the fact that, over time, the larger container begins to have enough iodine gas that some of it will be moving backwards towards the crucible. This can occur with all sorts of matter, but is most commonly observed in liquids and gases. Pour all of the water down the sink, and wash out the glasses. Which of the following best explains the Green Revolution's highly variable level of success in increasing agricultu. Would remain unchanged B. Secondary active transport involves the movement of a substance into a cell through a protein channel with its concentration gradient. Explanation: When a substance moves from higher concentrated area to a lower concentrated area, is called as diffusion. The cell membrane allows only large molecules to diffuse into the cell. in a symporter it makes sense that the flow of one ion should cause other molecules to go along with it, however in an antiporter, what causes the other molecule to move up its conc. Active transport mechanisms can be divided into two categories. At the exact same time, add 2-3 drops off food coloring into each glass. If you've accidentally put the card in the wrong box, just tap on the card to take it out of the box. At this balance point, the inside of the membrane is negative relative to the outside. yes, dimensions also play a role in the case of transport. At equilibrium, movement of molecules does not stop. Diffusion Explained with Food Coloring | 3M Science at Home Make sure to remember your password. Which of the following concepts best explains the driving forces of Facilitated diffusion is necessary for the biochemical processes of every cell since there is communication between various subcellular organelles. John David Jackson, Patricia Meglich, Robert Mathis, Sean Valentine, Charles Welsh, Cynthia Prentice-Craver, David Shier, Jackie Butler, Ricki Lewis, Child Psychopathology - Ch 1 Review questions. If a route such as a channel or carrier protein is open, sodium ions will move down their concentration gradient and return to the interior of the cell. Na+ Ions move easily through water, which is polar, but cannot pass directly through the lipid (nonpolar) part of the cell membrane. If you're behind a web filter, please make sure that the domains *.kastatic.org and *.kasandbox.org are unblocked. Diffusion Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster Diagram of a sodium-glucose cotransporter, which uses the energy stored in a sodium ion gradient to transport glucose "uphill" against its gradient. The brands listed above are trademarks of 3M. The three main kinds of passive transport are diffusion (or simple diffusion), osmosis, and facilitated diffusion. Which of the following best explains the Green Revolution's highly variable level of success in increasing agricultu. When you need a break, try one of the other activities listed below the flashcards like Matching, Snowman, or Hungry Bug. What Is Diffusion? - Definition, Types & Examples Of Diffusion - BYJUS Which of the following best explains diffusion?Which of the following Mastering A&P Chapters 1-3 Flashcards | Quizlet What process permits absorption of glucose into cells? Solution A contains 1% glucose, solution B contains 5% glucose. If you knew the answer, tap the green Know box. Which of the following explains how global demand for palm oil has proved beneficial and detrimental f. Palm oil exports provided substantial corporate profits, but the growth in the industry resulted in heavy deforestation in both countries. Which of the following best explains the process illustrated by the image? Which of the following explains an economic benefit of cattle production using feedlots rather than grass pastures? By the time blood flows into capillaries in the muscle or liver, for instance, there is only a single layer of cells separating this oxygen from hepatocytes or skeletal muscle fibers. Since diffusion moves materials from an area of higher concentration to the lower, it is described as moving solutes "down the concentration gradient". Remember that there is water outside the cell, and the cytoplasm inside the cell is mostly water as well. What type of membrane junction allows ions to pass directly from the cytoplasm of one cell to the cytoplasm of the adjacent cell? Explain the components present in a phospholipid. Then tap the card to flip it. For example, while oxygen gas will diffuse slightly more quickly than carbon dioxide, both of them will move more quickly than iodine gas. These farmers and traders exchanged the domesticated plants between themselves. Examples of molecules that can easily diffuse across the plasma membrane include carbon dioxide and oxygen gas. Once again, as the concentration of this gas increases within the cell, it diffuses outwards towards capillaries where the force of flowing blood removes the excess gas from the tissue region. Comparing the two images, which survey system was more efficient in terms of trade? Spontaneous activity releases energy, non-spontaneous activity (like moving something against its concentration gradient) requires energy. C. The SER manufactures proteins for export from the cell. This is because in hot water, the water molecules have more energy and are moving faster than the molecules of cold water. Direct link to Eshita's post No, because the potassium, Posted 7 years ago. In an antiporter it uses the energy of the ions flowing down their concentration gradient. To log in and use all the features of Khan Academy, please enable JavaScript in your browser. Your email address is only used to allow you to reset your password. Sucrose cannot pass through a red blood cell's plasma membrane, but water and urea can. Which of the following statements is best supported by the images? Passive transport is a way that small molecules or ions move across the cell membrane without input of energy by the cell. How To Use Patchouli Oil For Erectile Dysfunction? Here, the cell can't import glucose for free using diffusion, because the natural tendency of the glucose will be to diffuse out rather than flowing in.Instead, the cell must bring in more glucose molecules via active transport.In active transport, unlike passive transport, the cell expends energy (for example, in the form of ATP) to move a substance against its concentration gradient. What process does water use to move across the plasma membrane? What is transported across a membrane during osmosis? A. A. Which of the following best describes the impacts of the Second Agricultural Revolution?