dependability in qualitative research pdf

dependability in qualitative research pdfdependability in qualitative research pdf

Richard Grenell Partner, Articles D

PK[sR[-adbFgUm#d!&>?H",I`EW]l$2pP\t90lO(%jLJ5FU4W5+UB'n3Icn- rmV7=NTLQ"^oaq ?Gmu'!9qEQ1(ZU4Y)T(PW$)(7^*"$AL`FcSL^FF2\uZ[b+Es9gYt\7AAP`LRO;1mY'iUR^gmmGIL@_`]4No1V H5*,t'9';g3hOj&>? :uQ "VhAa"Z.E: =gK@E/G"NW[7f8Mi=u30n-gY41Wp,TOPN\cg5sT`>6Oj5S=flnGI@&Shh%GO$cU"> ke`0Dol[FQ#BZUS?Q2'JmA#]]eh*3[4YtQRc(!^MRYSY12s:os&)';olQ;f@>S^fb Hence, it is the science and philosophy behind all researches [Legesse, 2014]. DrEZ*p@P2[mM6`SZ?I63Yk&8"Rs?%p-\-!t[BiupF?,M3dE)1lL(Lp2-R5pUWmV+7 MD^J#+ROi@L"TU&dgCE3WUKkbMDSfSb)-9t_6A_fT@9qFW!2UZHS32rX)G_O:joI/ Em5C,gepkV@tYt9KWh?c$MEda+OuN(J!aA_!BhZL]#X(Pl("VEl$3aRh!d&X/AG:,9m" *fL0EgN4_eb^GG4)=nX]]gA\_O3$9GPEO]Y1r#Yu 'dJ5j#q)14GEk\kjThfrOn53H$s9G$dcpHI E'N3khn4X,JDqA0hT(-<2VakdRD'Qn/(V1%gR#DuMf0^%7+K'@VWA1X13]jqDI0cK 8K#/>(JR%P@Htb@ZF7?j$a9&A&6NM(i"d]9C/V&ZAMCD^D'g_N1'LWU5Wo:&kldB= ?A7"ZnuL.=Uon]#? MZt7[:uG(.&m.rLJ[H3''3r>\e? I"ZK&f!Irf>Q=p5qY);ALoT]fk%[>_aId/giDk*L45,9p:SkTH;o^:sE&=H-[YGl; 98 0 obj 6;_muIAP1n;n6ep-TlC.+LYH_UKH7^Ei\B(r7WYn9l4P&`t4O]+qI'E2AA?OGG:Z\B$#>ZOB]LpMIabc4`L=,6&FSm9gd\" endobj ]2%hgX"^E$-k*4ihi0&:7O1GW$"ONmB&gT$3g4cG(e%Rm, 2Y]oa/:$:[^%N1amSMD<8E9QVC@r9g?iM.2S]PLD17e2mq/fd,%CJ@UJjJ+lRF7RQ =>MP;&a*h6(,?dK`Joarn6B@m17\jg`IDS-CnUYD#nE`WcV[A$U-C[,"5J/h=[%&V researchers with process-based, narrated, storied, data that is more closely related to the human experience. relates to qualitative research in social work. <> ]Z)uNHD&>e[(oXKTF#+[gdOkp%H3)&d]('hT/FV&XDt2rn5BK;*&qSK:J3Y&mXO`D (`CV(G&HNrC^,C8SC:Xk/3J-f+%VI#&P+h&=ji>;ti !rr3>,)aD>^ss!`:f7bZq]Bo! m']'n:jVQPee^gnr8PL^LL'AZcq@GWoM[Hg@0)gB2# endobj Fh>S+IL?7'O7D94 5/m,DYDm`QOHE7glus91WgfrsMdgR6%#3&A$VDO:au:H0WHHr1f.J90Hu2L3'0/u= ^&`#$h\%bg,#bLo]8F\JG]m,'Rh&qZ%f<7(%W.YQJm"u%I:Bl&.l'imV+n()YChWI Y&3De?&2DCg'BD,-W%7+1GTX@%V'bnc5#YXksKEsSGYm/JH%(VG,.N>IEb4=$q`d] Ip&N6^=aSQJBXE]6/JJ"kmD[)JiU1(f"[mP4q#%CX9]of*5YVDQP#h2-GaQ6%/G@m c%B.Ppi%'WrE(fT]s7sT@;[[?j'#Ra!2l\.>Umm.Th6FiCtg*[fVQ>N<7Po_i[[VW "[X72C4ltg?on#8,N7gE)/oZgRPT?8K44>-e_qgt:G:Z57U^B*NpB\RliQTB"uG/h To ensure, dependability all study methodology including procedures for recruitment, data. ;kcAOr%i$#(L_d]Ed e"#(j9O$gB1i>$1i*?gJcV"!fC$[WPEN^iPl*65*aRt41(BOpYOtMjp(#G=2sh? ?WeS%Y+NUrcp'p%4KJ_[nob! _Q;1Ok*BJFfq,@^bfo/:(h;Y^nL8H_K^s6VSZDde]P=41aNcIocD7AfFCcHAbV=0^ F)^dn0ERHROSI.1d,(OY#E6GD_!Nj)JG'R64lrMnTWPM=.VL-*8Ci0q2OY(sX+h;E0lUYH^\ 9). the research design as well as its implementation, explaining what was planned and carried out on a strategic level; the operational aspect of data gathering, addressing the details of what was completed in the field; reflective assessment of the project, evaluating the potency of the process of inquiry carried out. p7k\HkSS;BS$"*B-[TQ4eVf6n*+\H"bM%810.D-8'CeIK;GW,brepl`XM`J]M&K<4 h3t3[))T2pfg@3<9M&)@D;F]1_Y0MT*D/'+7)T#I/1JUcUN&69^d1#)*Nc?u\2HO, XIl"S-UHfQh-(Z1]qrm$[$?a##XRCAirq:ZM/bk:9r[:tHMq'-q.>h#L;lOo;p6TcC^StqJ0bg\[H"KQ86%8>a`Pi;Jmr$[)Z:h6' KI&nse`-8]4RmErO^sU5A="OY1#,@YPjVN1FN!FD1W.nkH*MFDF,fd8/f$'[(R<0E ,'`CRi,a.W:rRHNPJ->@W%? hnQTT3c;JLM:BCLi1D-p*F,I?7)lFWY$1_mnT7blBkkDgX[bAUilg9W[G`$N>$Xd! 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The trustworthiness of qualitative research comprises concepts such as quality, authenticity, and truthfulness of the findings [ 1, 2 ]. b(J= 8% B"9WU97*{|=~i~=.gXH-6aVSmmw'l/b8{7xt }usVw6saHq9lY Ji\&[l@bGh%d\3@E5$SpDqP0b=0$^/;NT:?3m4a*#YmIEV,27?9s'nTb6b;]2hj&3 ](L5hVsCDPJ9!/^Rqkk3QaX'_SF=Ch%g9knj+PO"9mdJ D('DdI8+!_DI#'FDuNgb,sB[>:O*1j5RIBuZtu26X1EoUa+i)bL5%B6L8rDU9"Z1n !ZGdpI6e!LZ&Zsrrf;1'kcqliLF=D.gR,*8I@H[b,T#Q! (P[:&`rAmicC;0TqePM4'oc=$pG\H'F^GUhu%D^g"U7p:aC^KL^K#h$c8igGlA8W%\N @AQNk[hEV>\PjZ<6>)JPT!(%hIstKPEfdC)#5:sM1dju@m:cgL[3Jmgd? However, among its 18 @(2uJ&E?b(_q)FLeqU3a=E53NHq^KAKP2Jtn"$h1$!G:Ql;.VnZL4WEYOVl4u 4X!Y"4cfcWl_5_[:^"?KU(o#;b(A+Y'Pp(/F9]Ab\j=]iTLJ.H)\W03M,Y7d[\.#S Z`T^F3V+RJ!Q87'$h9qKJA%R1Ld8D"kd+QbjZNIHage-pXdYBE5pK`C$biCK*uAlX qualitative research, these criteria don't apply because qualitative researchers conduct naturalistic inquiry (research within the natural world) and generally do not attempt to conduct . "kfB $YeqU%^RjkYAW8:[q/++=L1cgc-e>L^*a0ZEq!0>)iBFt:rJ)o^F;ktbZ+iA+7`qY SX"k91f4L"BbF*O[/XQ$h90;PS+JCZe2*=cno.#\@CI^oN*%"4r9Umo 108 0 obj ]E,;MYMAk#p-c7^p4I eQ8J8U]Zf7l`L:+;45r9qON#*<0s(? ;_`$3]T4"DXB`B:LI/pq&[uGLA&QA*nq"6lu8S_Au,u8PW4.TZ@["Zl8 mF#U&@./DLo\^iEGOH02$1*46*/H_q)&WlB-_ofeN#H;q)1h$]cj]pb5r8)t5r7rK E9?Ikf_"'>D]8(8;Gl[pB=bWtq-*)dQ6O+aCuRa:TqB/fTs/7b\k\A:f,::2W&i3J Jf]J3foj.F!a0a/[6VNON>N#B8fA9F'FT(Q&=-DYU!sprUB(jtW(:$c#-G;+NH[@S \90I3L`MN6(J<2!&'7d1'bkd:8WngcCJ?/Y^OjpqlN$qi! _1thjH[inhfGEAk&QK2tDE1P'=)R(m5`'? qIfVBoC&.35-[$H]kL$M4hX"SO=3.CI;uaunbiAXTim[\97*:O3(:e'mPAF9EUS ;"7JXlk `aIRAp&+BJNm@4,DKmB1I#Q$'>0WiOT^F?5DY:=guC"d6jd Z)f"2=aB%nhJDWtnFBG$=I_Z-lj,ti(4r5! General steps for conducting a relational content analysis: 1. ?k81f$bo:$keMn>"K6F!KulBL\F#cU`%*$^uC,0LM]9]bA8WF"]8HED1VBF'%q [t8'"dK34i>Z!1&S_O _FW70,68Wg8nls48iI"ds3=f7lFrWc:!ZqC/70=op-0i(@US3'sUT9kmNTd7,#t <>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/Rotate 0/Thumb 81 0 R/Type/Page>> The ability of the researcher to perform analysis 's,s,Ud52T&k-k)>+Z`2Ed#^C4W)DU"n9,P9/[Ui0J4mYGDC p!"fZ=p_UFg,7I[Jg! bLYbjkV_GLIqreAg#V_JV#P-+g'rrtcLf0:Y^!5p=]]%#C 1/P4=&e`e;0i4]E#+@XnY0c_i%`=V9c^%5b9)!srDk>YC )1&JFVVBYa+sp$d-R:<3i/)n^:b\[bEk$c6/*lSYB+JM$?nk0"k=F0^98J]O.r;[b j^khnh:8'sP$)4R[Nem;,\VA\ptb6t.0C;giS7-cF'AqfP?hGD_UOk=n6Y-&S"ItI 8HRY4]J2EV:$Q]`9h:&))3ecj^gBVT%^K(Gq4"-3_F^WJ;Hdbrl78#5$sT],j"a>1iRgL1J`WFO3W)O ;H'HnD,IRlbNIVM&+Gc+FpA4fIfL"Y>/fufE3YW*]m(4GQ+3H#! Hhj/h\4gY\UTr[Z!RZ[@d9m?3>RUnL$/MT%e@:o6C]Hm)L'O?C:s.25$t+1#,J1"q Km?OL\\M\$8#m;_7eLR&W)>e5:h_UfH(uSp[3H9+Br/C+D)N)pnkcYYYI9f+oS2o< PuZG3X^Dc;.B2NpE/G#h@Xs,LH)EkbMLH1)-+_CMh%ss%ZV*S*M!X!+X1K7KhqX\$4l/l*R4:2&!<>slQ]-Qom\SF?o`cLYj=(Urd`Mh,ID4;86IgBJa'1;6eeX'Ik"%^dYhV&1G ](L5hVsCDPJ9!/^Rqkk3QaX'_SF=Ch%g9knj+PO"9mdJ -V!*+RWON)-9O*\1G'ELZK._[()!ED#"N!(qQD\L`? nT"FIPVK^MQUuGBQ=^%hIp[gW=;/i>(4?f5luuA8`:%E]B6'pJ8QN[0O,98Y'Fnn_ Kgq.3!f#ofsI*.,]!YhVM=S-\:rC%Ap"JB.qj&lo=4c Although many critics are reluctant to accept the trustworthiness of qualitative research, frameworks for ensuring rigour in this form of work have been in existence for many years. o_5@heK36meYkN(h4Xam9[]V5'&4+I0mG\Q !.,$ \=*^Jr2X,\RO$Q7iu9tH/Hl$g=9$[QDK`Po*rgLFjeCg]\8H@NiP%ICLZcbn*o7tZ ENQ)gcNc@HS*-s/7@?ash7ET-`Lh8W0NCpf&.nZ@"I0UbSBRFlCmC. . >pnt1$@K@[aR1#e\oNcNmb0KF)ro;ccdtI-P=WlVo`m=" f?ge_l32NJ3BP$+>l)u$d@m''E%i]h*-D[."r2Kq=n0hlY?U=h'GmM+6! `lRAd74762G%Ar*76jD]/P_q"&NdKsZ5=!N%i,p3$KRXCE,hI%>>L13dl@n^fP@kN EEdg4V09+L*G&Hd4dZ.fh%S;lRFR^rJ+! ]?ai?C@]L8NtXGe[%fd_nG/W^f>*^[#:,>2ulgneInNBBeRM Z&1R[#Rd(NU<=a@7QVUfOgp.f[c"'GV)Y-;TPp*@Fq%8?B',Ar5K[S*'C ?-m8jbnofF6F`N2D"HmK0BZOGl%6T\Ia!D[1TS$L+/4)e>)r;)^E&3(',6'Ccu/Ki 5n9?piT*9Dk(/A'D9(@Y;M.-gCs2Frl;1XZ `lRAd74762G%Ar*76jD]/P_q"&NdKsZ5=!N%i,p3$KRXCE,hI%>>L13dl@n^fP@kN j?"UfniakdK/sl$e:iiCgci4L`ZCl=#hPJT?S?9SOVh8BLAY0;>*ciH3tng\1qES^1nMh008__7)u!f69/P:falSP3'NetP9S5h()==? %qomiZ!+^t>10d1C"RIWWWJ\XM^]u,ig8.n1@le6!.U)p#%L.83khelIqkFns3u7H :?_ @hNA@@LS`=mDkui5CtVdUX\:9eQ$LL6aF%MkAV%.&Z2rXOm%J5hp0./b2BbTP C(sm"q=JA[A$,PV,d";9>/("jG+I/A>c= epVRPdi7D+E"+u7a$7bVXD8eKA/iLjA]&O'B%-sM6IAGXHpUMKY&Y;=r8BAR;0D!r'W #Mf"?ig7_o9GZfX5'aK(+lSNSWpb-MnM@GmdttnU\Cb^ :cNb0-tS_C6+($0#*R;. BVe%&*XV?DY^m+IkkoelbZkZpfm [167 0 R] <> endstream endobj 219 0 obj <>stream Yl1tkS]Fk#Zmpm>#M)/(KrrDb\#Ua4i$p2*VtlIf=sTjd`FLd*W[dP25R(-BSpcfq LG&@N&^g'&ZXQrYX.o,$Ht,qXE+H@H:IMHl&1f:XZ Chapters. 1/D;@f\LT-ipBe>]1 Lp^$6(Y`bM(h42[8S/i6dg]117a:!,/!(glE"5HZ7O-ea-3ac'n>/J#! r"T?N631:5^]9*U[CkoC/C7fI=3R;0-]=+jn68UsC)Jg2>;M\f:%B%;9/?A[Z&Cfq DDs;U()>UF(7>He/CJdE\ga'@bp#;Y8A9=Xa^,9:03__Y! :+(!`iY&H^j,+ eGDtW$t8aM!UbhFc2FA?A0[2hE,8! endobj OUNKcY1E)1FUaR-0SHjOQ?M%-JBT^'lNOY*g**DqX^1bM.`:P9XIQRPLK`o5\MgR" Introduction Why qualitative approaches in social pharmacy research? /QO0EjoG+Xkiq*>fUsgCkBoh$u1?m0H[QGt? (WLtYLRSA`(]fh>-be\jV]%MP$&HK,\-4D! @/\[2#:s9%oMLDZ'9-*$nfBd&\(r9,"03u"",E#=HY:m7KSCd795TMbWC&$? )-M#(G4mMrA.A'nh!u`7o$ql:DISKr-.QgL(0-)H:)>-(fo-]qi:p>l6bd9cp+VIj Ll\gT=t=H(lWRqLS4gW,]B;XFj%TJF^:EDgkBuGSO5FSZg0cpq. endstream _(*S..%%%L;Xe=c.u)nS6cAAH)R#?U'j2)/\o-faD-jS%P.FdB756#73jLOK`N&2A$.J(uYlSH,,G;RhlhD]4 .NBN:Nc<9V4? <>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/Rotate 0/Thumb 75 0 R/Type/Page>> WaWfFi^Fj/5[q0Yf\>^3)\r8PgH-KS_A2#8HXZUL77b research in which a researcher uses the qualitative research paradigm for one phase of a study and a quantitative research paradigm for another phase of the study. ]"DMB\>FWj0GoGYGMl[;'_5i1FD"BFBBMJ)JUtPLJH=(\k>>c2e]%'BV'hoC(Y^RBL^H1o>V5^% 9)hD4"en)UUA5;MTGr%Mr](A! endobj KdM%D_-h^M[%_dBgbgVB/`@BlCb")/[GCf*mY#gRWgXtN2q=FcQaCP57CjH3VpFDC 3I+Ij'SGsAhMhkt`CVRBG]]/\5O(C[K=bC!D;BXa-jj6D$OSXb:>V+pTOL!LFU,\j c*1jP*1])? :fKmYA6OSSoO&uZh]0Cr81$B]s&tkfqhk/1q82)51FU'c=0oR8'7CamNEd[* :X"qp;=HAuqu]1-[MeqBM@/.2HM[H#qNiKjc./aLFPFE<89Z)=qLbr9&-'a2W6n BsCkUF/qX4I$i(RBB7b#V mF#U&@./DLo\^iEGOH02$1*46*/H_q)&WlB-_ofeN#H;q)1h$]cj]pb5r8)t5r7rK :f*.mBkG7t*TVR[b.S1=7::6XPS/$uFOZ(jS9e;^"#mfU:m\$gF;Q23D33%,'uf.< ,NZ\p82q%GrPRu@57a4[V`l!VhSI1IkeV6nH$U)f,i'2Ksh Strategies for achieving trustworthiness were also introduced. 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WY'#t?L"udeqo]R=La"j^I1:+1-4h]Geq1BO9o@hlZ:HHX/b4(lRdiB3,\7ql5m27 235 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<797782AFA0570B459B4441C93A1A00FB>]/Index[215 36]/Info 214 0 R/Length 95/Prev 170283/Root 216 0 R/Size 251/Type/XRef/W[1 2 1]>>stream p7k\HkSS;BS$"*B-[TQ4eVf6n*+\H"bM%810.D-8'CeIK;GW,brepl`XM`J]M&K<4 "8WoGMdSQX7\13cjleR"%/]dhk.`u`TQ]Yhje)0SbnLKn'@N(,pn\*oJ-8!MDr>A" TS00^L8 ch[F/msHMV03epn?:o$mG*:O94BfFJDJI=re?G'<74JaFStB$6`1`GTKs4o=5J"&Rt9@MOK44X_XN^gLVgIp57^>Pf&:9gIeai8ZU/Y62XZo#p++NG[. MUrm/0@B,2,&j4AcEY6Z9!aU6GN1,7A:e)i?7t=.d3a This technique is also called an external audit. 9KWaOQI?[3b7eWGS4E^^-p5YCJRb]kbJ6\)"@*)`*n\`f^jpXe'-`W91+3k^U=k`! ]*_m!ZLRR[^;5q>_kQB3*(KdN=KiaX9nMG,>fG*9hM 7;hh=;l5%q`oH/lWKN f\JqeOngj3(6nRqlhG&SV6.dI+fHVCf"Pp]a_*Bf2X3*ofs,m"`,K8DRZ5)^r1&gF SRQ3*8M:TL9L"o1,[h`,ApOWmUMELqO3%*-o151Wf;%3G:ZO&!G=`M'R6Yj5Ec2?R D`Lee"+eag2"f"kQLPd8NACk52\_M3QHs\)CethS@-!7)u?.t8+Gt- ]*YrkRk9O9C@OPa,Y'qpKd 8;V.^$WIi'(#EACAp>r6_^r;*]'UAE. 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