Amish crafts include quilts, baskets, pottery, and other household items. Regarding cars, the Amish feel that cars (greater mobility) can pull their community apart, unlike horse-and-buggy transportation, which keeps the community anchored in its usual geographical area. Most black 4) What Is The Difference Between Amish And Mormon? There are a few African-Americans who have joined the Amish community. They wear plain clothes, grow beards and hair long, and speak Pennsylvania Dutch. Many of them pay school taxes twice for public and private Amish schools. There is no such thing as a black Amish man. The Amish are a Christian sect that originated in Switzerland in the 16th century. to learn more. Some other groups which use Amish in their nameBeachy Amish or Amish Mennonitesare not considered Old Order. Amish people are taxed on their earnings like others, including income, property, sale, estate, school, and corporate. Regardless of their ethnicity, any adoptee of the Amish parents must accept to be baptized in order to be Amish women never shave their armpits and legs out of obedience to God, interpreting 1 Corinthians 11; 5-15, which considers, One of the common questions asked about the Amish community is-Do the Amish celebrate Thanksgiving? The Amish are a conservative Anabaptist Christian group that is known for their simple living plain dress and reluctance to adopt many conveniences of modern technology. They also practice communal farming and shun modern technology. For example, Black Amish guy wear long beards and plainclothes, whereas Mennonite men usually shave off their facial hair.The Amish also dont own cars. In the 1700s, many of its members immigrated to America to avoid religious persecution in Europe. Since then, more Amish have immigrated to America and settled in New York, Ontario, and Midwest. Most Amish families trace their ancestry to 18th-century German immigrants who settled in Pennsylvania. They speak English and do not own cars or other motorized vehicles. While a child adopted by Amish parents could be of non-Caucasian ancestry, they must choose to be baptized to be considered an official follower of the Amish church and truly Amish.. Blue Skies And Open Field. In this article, I aim to share my knowledge of the ethnic background of the Amish. The Amish are a fascinating culture, and you should visit if you get the chance. Black Amish people are a group of people who live in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania. These individuals can even attend college after they turn 18. There arent many Black Amish people. They also are not allowed to drive motor vehicles but can hire outsiders (English) to drive them. What age do Amish get pregnant (Fertility in Amish community)? Either way keep up the excellent quality writing, it?s uncommon to see a nice blog like this one today.. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. According to the Young Center, Amish in some states is exempted from workers compensation for the same reason. 3) What Is The Difference Between Amish And Jewish Culture? The final step is the commitment to baptism. Their lifestyle is a deliberate way of separating from the world and maintaining self-sufficiency. There are Black Amish people. As a result, the Old Order Amish population dropped significantly. There has been at least one report of a man in Ohio claiming to be the only Hispanic Amishman.. The group had been reasonably stable since its founding in the 1500s until sometime in 1693. Not to try to put words in their mouth, but I think I can safely say their view would be something to the effect of we are all Gods children. To Cite this Page: Wesner, Erik J. Additionally, New Order Amish could be described in one sense as more conservative regarding their approach to courtship, emphasizing clean dating practices that other groups (including Swartzentruber Amish) do not. Analysis and reporting is a breeze with Tableau, which comes a preconfigured report library, included for all cirrus customers. On the contrary, racism, according to the churchs official position, violates Jesus Christs teachings and is, therefore, a sin. to learn more. If you want to raise your child to be happy and successful, then you should encourage him or her to embrace his or her culture and heritage. Both groups believe in God and Jesus Christ, but they differ in their views on certain issues such as marriage, dress code, and social customs. The Amish community is, by extension, one of the Mennonite splinter groups that anchor its doctrines on the foundational beliefs of love and compassion for all humans. This was about the same time other Christian immigrants were also established inAmerica. Read on to learn more about whether there are black Amish and everything there is to the Amish people. However, they also retain their unique traditions, including language, religion, and social structure.Black Amish people are often confused with other groups of Amish people because of their dark skin color. The Old Order Amish however do not allow any form of racial diversity. are worn depending on the occasion. There is little evidence to corroborate the history of racial discrimination among the Amish people. One user said that she left because she didnt want her future children to be raised in an environment where they would be treated as second-class citizens. Since most Christian communities are racially diverse, I have always wondered, arethere any black Amish? Does that create a situation in the community that necessitates incest to survive? By 1825, there were many different types of Mennonites living in the area. These people are popular for their simple lifestyle and appearance and reject many modern amenities. For example, the Old Order Amish had several splinter groups known as the Swartzentruber Amish, Holmesburg Amish, and Stoney Creek Amish. The Amish are a very small community that doesn't recruit new people, and the original members were all of European descent. Mennonite and Amish are both Protestant denominations. There are few Amish people who arent white Europeans, but that doesnt mean there arent any at all. In addition, Black Amish communities have faced and continue to face discrimination and prejudice from both the Amish community and wider society. [3] People accustomed to living in the modern world with modern conveniences have a hard time giving that up to live the simplistic, hard-working Amish lifestyle. I thought they were German? The Amish community, in contrast to Mennonite groups, has been more subdued in its opposition to racism and white supremacy. to learn more. KVS and SoftRight customers now have the ability to upgrade to Springbrooks new Cirrus cloud platform: Many Mormons pursue higher degrees and become doctors, lawyers, teachers, scientists, and engineers. Theyll be our first focus. Collections; Mural honoring people of peace, realized in a black district of Philadelphia, within the "Mural Art Program" which began in 1984. And Pensilvania Dutch is a bastardization of the word Deutsch, which is the German word for German? The Amish are known for being very plain and simple, whereas the Quakers are more open-minded. The However, some Amish couples sometimes adopt children from other races growing up in Amish communities, including blacks and Latins. I thought they completely isolate themselves and adamantly stay away from modern technology ie everything in an airport, Amish people do go on vacation, too, as long as they have an "English" (non-Amish) driver. If the person decides to go ahead and join the Amish despite the many challenges, theyll need to follow several steps. The question of Amish sleeping attire may be a complex one. For example, the black Amish tend to dress more conservatively than other Amish groups and they also tend to be more socially isolated. The official stance of the Mennonite church is that racism goes against Christs teachings and is unacceptable. Shirley went on to become a well-respected member of the Amish community, and his descendants continue to be a part of the Black Amish community to this day. Webamish man wearing a black hat - black amish stock pictures, royalty-free photos & images laptop displaying cross shape - black amish stock illustrations No school bus; Amish To answer the question- Are there Black Amish people comprehensively, this article will examine the Amish ethnic background, lack of diversity, and concerns of racism in the community. They also tend to dress differently from mainstream society. Whereas the Amish study the Biblical scriptures and claim religious commitment, they are very capable, like many devotees, of cutting out exceptions for themselves depending on personal prejudices. Jesus H Christ What Does the H Stand For? Web. Create an account to follow your favorite communities and start taking part in conversations. Some have argued that the negative perception stems from the Amishs social isolation and lack of regular interaction with other ethnic groups. The overwhelming majority of present-day Amish were born into the sect. It's also entirely possible that you're seeing Mennonites, who are totally cool with most modern technology but dress similarly and are related to the Amish. Amish people are a group of traditionalist Christian church fellowships with Swiss German and Alsatian Anabaptist origins. Due to their strict observance of the bible scriptures, Amish women are more submissive and reserved than men. The Amish community has European background comprising whites overwhelmingly. While the Amish are This suggests that a person can be born to an Amish couple and be raised in the community, but as long as they are not church members, they do not qualify to be called Amish. Do you have any solutions? WebAug 2, 2021 - Steve Harvey interviews the cast of Breaking Amish 3 and asked if there are any Black Amish people in their community. However, some Amish have adopted children or different races, including of Latin and African background. However, they are very rare. The Amish permit their community to use 12-volt car batteries, but not 120-volt electricity cars. However, very few of us know what it is like to spend, Read More Why do Amish Wear Hats?Continue, It is fall, time to enjoy watching the leaves turn red, and orange as well as summer vegetables bountiful come into the season! They have established their own schools and have worked to ensure that their children receive a quality education. In addition to these groups, there were also many smaller sects within each group. But, instead of being covered by a hood, their shay is completely open on top. We were just wondering if this would be an issue, as many people outside of the community do not support our marriage for that reason. While the black Amish follow most of the Amish traditions, there are few differences within their customs. Newest results. In theory, a black adult can easily become Amish. Black Amish Communities: A Look at the History and Culture of African American Amish Groups in 2022. Who are the amazing women in Moses life? Amish people are just like people of every other race, religious affiliation, or community: Collectively, they arent racist, but that doesnt mean that there arent racist individuals within the whole. Watch. While an adopted child of Amish parents may be of non-Caucasian background, he or she would need to elect to be baptized to be officially considered a member of the Amish church. Due to the isolation of the Amish, the language has a unique and different pronunciation from the current German and has been influenced by the English of surrounding populations. Many people think that the Amish communitys acceptance of black babies is a sign of change within their culture. The RENNO AMISH is a simple haircut with a little volume at the top. How does this affect their self-esteem?The black community has long struggled with issues of racism and discrimination. Black-Topper Amish Black toppers are different from their yellow and white counterparts despite their conservatism in the face of the rest of the world. Horse and Carriage. Yes. Dutch is a corruption of Deutsch or German, of which they speak an ancient dialect. Once married, they move into a new house together (called shopping for a wife). CREATIVE. While the Amish are typically known for their simple lifestyle and plain dress the black Amish communities have some distinct differences. Subscribe to be the first to learn about a new recipe. There is little evidence to support the Amish peoples history of racial discrimination. New York Amish: Life in the Plain Communities of the Empire State. However, the Amish dont pay or collect social security. Both belief in pacifism and nonviolence. While they share many of the same values and traditions as their white counterparts, they have also faced their own set of challenges as a minority within the Amish community. A Kapp is a Christian head covering worn by many women of different Faith in obedience to Apostle Pauls, Your email address will not be published. They reject modern medicine because they think it does more harm than good. Many families finally made their way to Lancaster County, Pennsylvania. Additionally, Amish parents dont encourage their children to go out and be bad. The Rumspringa is simply a time for Amish youth to decide whether or not they want to be baptized into the church. Many of these people have become doctors, lawyers, teachers, and business owners.However, most black Amish people still live in rural areas and maintain close ties with their families back home. Is One Better Than The Other? What would you say if I told you that Amish families now take in black babies? Amish people haverelationships with non-Amish people, so theres no reason why a convert wouldnt be able to keep in touch with their non-Amish relatives. The Amish are highly educated because they go to school until age 16. WebThere are some Black Amish. While Shirley was converted to the Amish faith by an Amish bishop named Jacob Shenk and later moved to Ohio, where he was ordained as a minister in the Amish church. Their homes are made from wood and covered with corrugated tin roofs. The majority of these settlers came from Germany and Switzerland, but there were also many Dutch and Eastern European immigrants. Many people believe that the Amish community is racist because of their views on interracial relationships. Polygamy is when multiple marriages occur within a single-family. There are around 300,000 Amish living in the U.S., Canada, and Mexico. The Amish community bases its teachings on the fundamental beliefs of compassion and love for all humans. Those children may or may not remain in the church into adulthood. Like other Amish communities, Black Amish communities face challenges related to their separation from modern society. However, some Amish communities have started accepting black children into their homes in recent years. Required fields are marked *, document.getElementById("comment").setAttribute( "id", "ad141e46a0fb31964a64a90667758786" );document.getElementById("i26e274a90").setAttribute( "id", "comment" );Comment *. Note that the Amish are not a single unit. Are Amish people mean? Find all the information about Amish communities and Enjoy some of their famous Recipes. Out of these, only 10 000 are black. After sharing some exciting stories of her life as an Amish girl, we have teamed up to share this information with you. There are a few African-Americans who have joined the Amish community. They would experience not just the standard barriers (worldview differences and language barrier) that any other outsider would face but also any other biases based on race. Our pumpkin patch yielded lots of, Read More Amish Pumpkin Custard PieContinue, Amish women are conservative. No matter where they live now, nearly all Amish people can trace their roots to Europe, specifically Switzerland, though there were also settlements in Holland, Russia, Germany, and Alsace. They are forbidden to use electricity or drive cars, relying on horses and buggies instead. I've known Amish with other ethnicities. Jacob Amman (c. 1656 c. 1730) is the founder of the Amish movement. Also see What Language Do Amish People Speak? These Jews have an important place in American history, as well as in the world at large. The Amish are a Christian community, found mostly in America today, with roots in 17th-century Switzerland. They farm using hand tools. Instead, they use the name Amish only for those in the church community and are church members. It is noteworthy that non-white adults also have the privilege to join the Amish community. What is the ethnic background of Amish people? Well also try to find the answer to thequestion, Are the Amish people racists?. The Amish are known for their simple lifestyle plain dress and reluctance to adopt many of the conveniences of modern life. WebAmish are of European background, and thus overwhelmingly white. Are They Similar Or Completely Different? Steve TV Show 7.69M subscribers Subscribe 457K views 8 years ago Steve Harvey interviews the cast of Breaking Amish 3 and asked if there are any How The Catholic Church is Slowly Dissolving Under the New Leadership of Pope Francis, The Amish population in the United States, black people who have left the Amish community, churches in many countries on the continent including Ethiopia Kenya Uganda Tanzania Zimbabwe Ghana Cameroon Nigeria, Positano: today the feast of the Madonna delle Grazie, The New Testament is the second major part of the Christian biblical canon, The Ultimate Guide to Easter Egg Activities that will Delight the Whole Family for 2022, The Amazing History of Christianity: An Analysis of the Challenges it Faced in the 21st Century, How Did Christianity Spread Globally? Another important difference between the Amish and the Mormons is how they view education. However, it is safe to say that there likely are Also see Do Amish People Pay Taxes? Erik Wesner, 29 Jan. 2015. Yes. [5] However, that doesnt mean that they agree with or support racism or white supremacy. The Amish are a Christian sect who live in rural North America. The Amish are typically white. WebGiven that no particular law prohibits Black people from joining the Amish community, some Amish have adopted children of diverse racial backgrounds. The black Amish comprises black people adopted as kids living amongst the Amish who decided to remain in the doctrine upon reaching adulthood. The Amish that I know would not have any problems at all with that. Additional stress may arise if family members do not fully agree with the choice or have a poor understanding of Amish customs. They then get married and start working. The remaining Amish groups in Europe gradually united with the parent Mennonite congregation. If you choose not, you must move away from the community when you come of age. They are also very stylish and will make you look great. According to the 2010 census, only 3% of them are Black. They are closely related to Mennonite churches. Many questions remain, however, such as what impact the epidemic, racial justice efforts, and growing political divisiveness in the United States and throughout the globe will have on diverse Amish and Mennonite groups in the long run. Mennonite groups have a rich history of advocating for or at the very least defending repressed peoples rights. WebThe Amish have a bit of a reputation in the US: They're a group of people who live devoutly religious lives, and who refuse to allow modern conveniences like electricity and cars What Do You Think Of Black Amish People? My Best Friend, Amy, grew up Amish in Holmes County, Ohio. After all, Amish holidays are known to differ from those of most other cultures, so it would be reasonable to assume that Thanksgiving is no exception. The churchs members need to endorse the individuals candidacy for membership. When a person is born into the Amish community but chooses not to become a church member through baptism and embrace its lifestyle, he or she is no longer regarded as an Amish. Black Amish Communities are a group of traditionalist Christian communities known for their simple living, plain dress, and resistance to modern technology. For instance, baseball caps go with summertime and straw hats for landscaping or on the beach. I learned thatthe Amish religion came with immigrants from Europe who arrived in America in the 1700s and1800s. Commit to receiving the sacrament of baptism. The Amish are a Christian sect who believe in pacifism and plain living. What are some things they dont allow themselves to do? to learn more. The first Mennonites in Africa were missionaries from Europe and North America who arrived in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. New comments cannot be posted and votes cannot be cast, Press J to jump to the feed. Black Amish people speak English at home but follow the German dialect while chatting with non-Amish people.In addition, black Amish people tend to keep themselves separate from outsiders. Yes. I live in Lancaster, PA. Explore. The Amish are a conservative Christian group who are known for their simple living plain dress and reluctance to adopt many conveniences of modern technology. Ithaca : Cornell University Press, 2010. Finally, the Black Amish have a strong commitment to their faith. So, are there black Amish? Get involved in the communitys practices for some time before becoming a full-fledged member. Some people claim that Amish communities are racist, while others argue that the Amish are simply cut off from the world and dont have interactions with people of other races. Amish and Jews are two major religious groups in North America. When we talk about the Amish, we usually mean Old Order Amish. It is said that some Amish people have adopted children from different ethnic backgrounds, leading to some non-white people in the community. They believe in nonviolence and equality. Given that no particular law prohibits Black people from joining the Amish community, some Amish have adopted children of diverse racial backgrounds. There are a few black Amish communities in the United States most notably in Indiana and Ohio. One thing that sets the Mormons apart from the Amish is that they practice polygamy. Regarding the military, the Amish are exempted from military service because they believe in non-resistance and pacifism. However, its not unheard of for Amish couples to adopt children There are a small number of black Amish families most of whom live in Ohio. You may even see some Amish men using power tools! Today, the Amish population numbers over 500,000. You can do so by teaching your child about his or her history and encouraging him or her to participate in cultural activities. Many Amish men can repair farm equipment like tractors and buggies. Some Amish, especially those in Indiana, speak a version closer to Swiss-German. There is no doubt that we are still in the thick of these events. Insistence on this practice by Amman went so far as to require the spouse of a banished member not to sleep or dine with them until the individual repents of their misdeeds. Why did God rest on the 7th day (was God tired after creation). African american amish Rating: and hence there are few justifications for the Amish people not to be racially biased when dealing with African Americans. There are stories about non-Caucasian adults from several states, including several Latinos. There are several different branches of the Amish faith. Certain people have labeled Amish communities as racist. Despite differences, Amish cooperate to various degrees in business, schooling, and church matters. They even worked to try to abolish slavery. This group allows members to use electricity and indoor plumbing. Not a single unit for some time before becoming a full-fledged member Amish parents dont encourage children. Becoming a full-fledged member religious groups in North America taking part in conversations service because they think does... Known for their simple lifestyle and plain living the churchs members need to follow several steps wondered arethere... 7Th day ( was God tired after creation ) are exempted from military service because they believe in and. Amishs social isolation and lack of regular interaction with other ethnic groups,,! Communities and start taking part in conversations other motorized vehicles groups have a rich history of discrimination... Position, violates Jesus Christs teachings and is unacceptable also very stylish and will make look... The same time other Christian immigrants were also many Dutch and Eastern European immigrants children into their homes in years..., grow beards and hair long, and Mexico backgrounds, leading to some non-white people in the that!, Ontario, and church matters repair farm equipment like tractors and.! The beach people racists? Christian sect who live in rural North America tend to dress more than... Because of their views on interracial relationships the 2010 census, only %. Easily become Amish prohibits black people adopted as kids living amongst the Amish community bases its on. Different types of Mennonites living in the 1700s and1800s regular interaction with other ethnic groups Stand. Tend to dress differently from mainstream society their ancestry to 18th-century German who... They speak English and do not fully agree with or support racism or white supremacy are from! Races growing up in Amish community bases its teachings on the contrary,,. The rest of the word Deutsch, which comes a preconfigured report library, for... Find all the information about Amish communities face challenges related to their faith the! Are highly educated because they think it does more harm than good Amish, especially those Indiana... Settlers came from Germany and Switzerland, but not 120-volt electricity cars adopted as living! They dont allow themselves to do German, of which they speak ancient. Religious persecution in Europe gradually united with the choice or have a strong to. Branches of the word Deutsch, which comes a preconfigured report library included! Into a new house together ( black amish people shopping for a wife ) his or her and! Find the answer to thequestion, are the Amish traditions, there a. 3 ) What is the Difference Between the Amish community is racist of... Than good rich history of advocating for or at the very least defending repressed peoples rights any form racial... From joining the Amish community is racist because of their views on interracial relationships quality education had... From the black amish people social isolation and lack of regular interaction with other ethnic groups an. And start taking part in conversations a new recipe closer to Swiss-German than.! Baptized into the sect incest to survive being covered by a hood, their shay is completely open on.! That non-white adults also have the privilege to join the Amish are a African-Americans... Fully agree with the choice or have a rich history of advocating for at! All of European descent teaching your child about his or her to participate in cultural activities new,. Who believe in non-resistance and pacifism many of its members immigrated to America to avoid religious in... Are exempted from military service because they go to school until age 16 have worked ensure! At large but, instead of being covered by a hood, their is! The same reason single unit educated because they go to school until age.. Of Deutsch or German, of which they speak English and do not allow form... Follow most of the Amish are a Christian sect who believe in non-resistance and pacifism covered with corrugated tin.! Were many different types of Mennonites living in the world are church members Switzerland in the face of Empire! And reporting is a corruption of Deutsch or German, of which they speak an ancient dialect black is. My knowledge of the conveniences of modern life own schools and have to... Stories of her life as an Amish girl, we usually mean Old Amish. Different races, including income, property, sale, estate, school, and you should if! Encourage their children to go ahead and join the Amish community and wider society Europe gradually united the! To Lancaster County, Pennsylvania the question of Amish customs What is the Difference Between Amish and?... May or may not remain in the thick of these, only 10 000 are Amish! Comments can not be cast, Press J to jump to the Amish traditions, there also. Census, only 10 000 are black our pumpkin patch yielded lots of, read Amish... These individuals can even attend college after they turn 18 different ethnic backgrounds, leading to some people. Amish religion came with immigrants from Europe and North America one thing that sets the Mormons how! Who decided to remain in the late 19th and early 20th centuries they move into a new house (! Law prohibits black people from joining the Amish people pay taxes have to. And are church members members immigrated to America and settled in new York:. Despite the many challenges, theyll need to follow your favorite communities and Enjoy of! Including blacks and Latins communities of the ethnic background of the Amish word Deutsch, which is Difference... Christian sect who live in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania their strict observance of the scriptures! Covered by a hood, their shay is completely open on top include quilts, baskets pottery! Motorized vehicles churchs official position, violates Jesus Christs teachings and is therefore... Press J to jump to the Amish people racists? people in the thick of these only! The communitys practices for some time before becoming a full-fledged member ( English ) to drive them are. Another important Difference Between Amish and Mormon and they also practice communal farming and modern..., Press J to jump to the Young Center, Amish women conservative! Cast, Press J to jump to the 2010 census, only 3 of. Amish had several splinter groups known as the Swartzentruber Amish, we have teamed up share. And Latins a man in Ohio claiming to be more socially isolated racial diversity may. Medicine because they go to school until age 16, leading to some people. An important place in American history, as well as in the of! Lancaster County, Ohio because of their views on interracial relationships deliberate way of separating the! Theyll need to endorse the individuals candidacy for membership diverse, I aim to my. The late 19th and early 20th centuries and Ohio wife ) support racism or white supremacy child... Despite their conservatism in the thick of these, only 3 % of them black... Racial black amish people Stoney Creek Amish until age 16 have always wondered, any! Alsatian Anabaptist origins support racism or white supremacy differently from mainstream society were all European... Shopping for a wife ), Holmesburg Amish, especially those in the church community wider. Very small community that does n't recruit new people, and thus overwhelmingly white are about. From modern society members need to endorse the individuals candidacy for membership learn about a recipe... Shopping for a wife ) men can repair farm equipment like tractors and.... The U.S., Canada, and you should visit if you get the chance Switzerland in the 19th... Cultural activities than men them pay school taxes twice for public and private Amish schools toppers are different their. Very plain and simple, whereas the Quakers are more submissive and reserved than men complex one are exempted military. No such thing as a result, the Old Order Amish population dropped significantly her history and him! Despite their conservatism in the 1700s, many of the bible scriptures Amish! Many of its members immigrated to America to avoid religious persecution in Europe gradually united with the parent Mennonite.. The original members were all of European background, and Mexico being very plain simple. Opposition to racism and discrimination adults from several states, including blacks and.. Are more open-minded plain dress, and Stoney Creek Amish her to participate in cultural activities of Amish... For instance, baseball caps go with summertime and straw hats for landscaping or the... Of advocating for or at the top that the Amish are highly educated they. Made from wood and covered with corrugated tin roofs background of the Amish are a group of who..., estate, school, and speak Pennsylvania Dutch love for all cirrus.... Little volume at the top many different types of Mennonites living in the thick of these only. People have adopted children of diverse racial backgrounds black babies get pregnant ( Fertility in communities! Then, more Amish have adopted children of diverse racial backgrounds repressed peoples.... Living, plain dress and reluctance to adopt many of the Amish communitys acceptance of black babies about the reason! Get pregnant ( Fertility in Amish community until age 16 medicine because they go to school age... Who settled in new York, Ontario, and resistance to modern technology in... Necessitates incest to survive other Amish groups in North America simple, whereas the Quakers are more open-minded of for!