This medicine is available only with your doctor's prescription. 2023 by The President and Fellows of Harvard College, Do not sell my personal information | Privacy Policy. Tolmetin (Tolectin), Aspirin (present in many medications) The medications listed below (and potentially many others) may have an effect on your blood's ability to coagulate. Salsalate (Amigesic, Marthritic, Salflex, Slasitab) Depending on the type of surgery you're having, follow any further advice from your health care provider. Eptifibatide (Integrilin) Diet and Nutrition; 0 Low Molecular Weight Heparins (Fragmin, Lovenox, Danaparoid) After surgery you should avoid all anti-inflammatory medications including ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin) and Naprosyn (Aleve) and any other prescription anti-inflammatories, unless your surgeon prescribes them. Please refer to the product label for the appropriate dosing directions as well as the warnings prior to taking any medicine. Use of the internet or email is for your convenience only, and by using them, you assume the risk of unauthorized use. 2 Pond Park Road #308 Prevention, Appointment 0000021072 00000 n or 817-882-2400, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd. The Best Diets for Cognitive Fitness, is yours absolutely FREE when you sign up to receive Health Alerts from Harvard Medical School. Each patient and surgery is unique. Find a Doctor Well discuss your health history, make a plan for pausing/resuming medications and supplements, and answer your questions about anesthesia. Prescription: warfarin, heparin, Xarelto, Eliquis, and Plavix, among others. If possible, bring your medicines in their containers. Small amount of money. For aspirin (81 or 325 mg daily) used to prevent heart problems, this is usually safe to stop for seven (7) days prior to any procedure. Do not resume these medications until your doctor says that it is okay. URL of this page: //medlineplus.gov/ency/patientinstructions/000371.htm. Here are a few simple tips to help you avoid becoming ill: Additionally, patients who smoke need to stop at least 4 weeks before surgery (something thats required for all patients year-round). PLUS, the latest news on medical advances and breakthroughs from Harvard Medical School experts. Salicylates (sodium salicylate, Magan, Mobidin, Mobogesic, Arthritab, Bayer Select, Doans pills) While these combinations can be effective, it's important to read the label and avoid taking too much of any active ingredient. This will depend on many factors including location. General anesthesia brings on a sleep-like state with the use of a combination of medicines. 134 24 DEAR MAYO CLINIC:I have used decongestants over the years when I'm ill, but my doctor recently said that I should be cautious because nonprescription decongestants can have significant side effects. In: Azar FM, Beaty JH, eds. General anesthesia can irritate the airway and make a cough worse. It is likely that you have been asked not to eat or drink after a specific time the evening before or day of surgery. 6b Amelia Drive That being said, the parameters may change some with a patient's personal history (e.g. Some of these medicines have to be stopped a few days before surgery. Please review all your medications-both over the counter and prescription drugs-with your surgeon. on 3/8/13 9:00 pm - AL. A mild sore throat with no other symptoms is probably not a reason to cancel surgery. If you take Lantus, Levemir, NPH, Toujeo, Tresiba, or NPH take as prescribed the day before surgery. Sudafed is listed as a recommended medication for colds in my booklet they gave me for my surgery. The amount of ingredients in a product can vary, so its difficult to tell exactly how much of each youre getting. These medications may interact and cause very harmful effects. The idea that one must stop all medications 30 days before surgery is blatantly wrong, and could be profoundly harmful in a multitude of circumstances. Take the Zyrtec. Zyrtec will actually help you. We dont want your nose stuffed or having post nasal drip. I just went under last week and I took my Zyrtec. They said it was fine. Take this medication by mouth with or without food, usually every 4 to 6 hours, as directed by the product You should be aware, though, that the anesthetic may make your sore throat a little worse for a day or two. Best of luck, Blood thinners come in prescription and over RNY on 12/13/12 with. Because you wont be eating on the day of surgery, we may ask you to hold or decrease many of these medications. Some women not only have Hi, I routinely get asked about scaring for all types of procedures, and the simple fact is that all surgeries leave scars. BONUS! Decongestants can interfere with the effectiveness of certain blood pressure, epilepsy, heart, diabetes or thyroid medications, but also may affect the chronic condition itself. Prevention, Diet and Nutrition; 0000016606 00000 n Do not increase your dose or take this drug more If you have continued congestion, it may be time to visit your health care provider to explore treatment options that may be more effective. This is especially important for patients who will be getting regional anesthesia, such as a spinal block or epidural. Copyright 2023 Dax Guenther, MD: Coastal Plastic Surgery. endstream endobj 135 0 obj <>/Metadata 13 0 R/PieceInfo<>>>/Pages 12 0 R/PageLayout/OneColumn/StructTreeRoot 15 0 R/Type/Catalog/Lang( E N - U S)/LastModified(D:20080211173952)/PageLabels 10 0 R>> endobj 136 0 obj <>/ColorSpace<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageC]/ExtGState<>>>/Type/Page>> endobj 137 0 obj <> endobj 138 0 obj <> endobj 139 0 obj [/ICCBased 148 0 R] endobj 140 0 obj <> endobj 141 0 obj <> endobj 142 0 obj <> endobj 143 0 obj <>stream WebPlease review all your medications-both over the counter and prescription drugs-with your surgeon. Temporary and normal causes of post-nasal drip includes certain weather conditions (especially cold, dry air) and spicy foods. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021:chap 81. Diflunisal (Dolobid) 0000001224 00000 n 0000002775 00000 n Mefenamic Acid (Ponstel) Of course, with some medications, stopping would be unsafe. To use the sharing features on this page, please enable JavaScript. I'm concerned about having another injury. Please discuss with your surgeon. I've come down with a cold and was told by my surgeon's office to take Sudafed. You thought it would never end: that tickle in the back of your throat that made you cough or have to clear your throat. Editorial team. Below is a list of many medications (but not all) that fall into these categories. The acetaminophen can add to the daily limit of this medication to cause liver toxicity, while antihistamines can add to urinary conditions, aggravate asthma or other lung conditions, and should not be taken by those with glaucoma. One to two weeks before surgery, you may have been told to stop taking blood thinners. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medications NSAIDs (generic name in italics): Diclofenac (Cataflam, Voltaren, Arthrotec) WebSUDAFED Congestion and SUDAFED PE Congestion are immediate release products that may be crushed to allow for easier administration. In no case should you medicate yourself with any drugs (even if they are not listed here) without the knowledge of your primary care physician and your surgeon. Ticlopidine (Ticlid) Some prescription medications can cause congestion, but this is uncommon. Zaydfudim VM, Hu Y, Adams RB. Other factors to consider are products with decongestants that also contain antihistamine, dextromethorphan guaifenesin and acetaminophen. Dosage is based on your age, medical condition, and response to treatment. For example, there are several formulations of "Sudafed" containing pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine along with additional drugs including acetaminophen, dextromethorphan, and guaifenesin. Links to other sites are provided for information only -- they do not constitute endorsements of those other sites. is among the first to achieve this important distinction for online health information and services. https://depts.washington.edu/anesth/care/anesthesiology/hmc/meds.shtml For additional information visit Linking to and Using Content from MedlinePlus. Make sure you write down the dose and how often you take them. WebThey are usually stopped for four (4) days prior to any procedure. Examples of these drugs include but are not limited to: Take only the medicines your doctor has told you to take before surgery, including prescription medicines. If you already have one of these conditions, especially if its not controlled, this may be a concern. You can take Sudafed every 4 to 6 hours as needed, while Sudafed PE can be taken as often as every 4 hours. Its a good practice for every patient to make a list of their medications and supplements and keep it current. I have my Mastopexy scheduled 8 days away. It is always best to speak to your primary health care provider before starting new medications. This is one of the most important reasons why every patient should keep a list of current medications. 157 0 obj <>stream antihistamines (Benadryl, Claritin, Zyrtec, etc. ), do not consume them. Prior to surgery, you must take a blood test (a) for 24 hours. You should arrange for an adult to drive you to and from your surgery. What Drugs Should Be Stopped 7 Days Before Surgery? Coumadin discuss this with the prescriber as to the best time to stop this medication before surgery. URAC's accreditation program is an independent audit to verify that A.D.A.M. Suite 1500 Please visit the, Some medications (prescription and over-the-counter) can reduce your bodys ability to form blood clots and taking these before GI endoscopy procedures may increase your risk of bleeding during and after these tests. Dr. Robert H. Shmerling is the former clinical chief of the division of rheumatology at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (BIDMC), and is a current member of the corresponding faculty in medicine at Harvard Medical School. Elizabeth Morgan MD PHD FACS Board Certified Plastic Surgeon, Suite 1E Use Pseudoephedrine (Sudafed) exactly as directed on the label, or as prescribed by your doctor. WebDo not take more than 240 milligrams in a day. Fenoprofen (Nalfon) By checking this box you hereby agree to hold Dax Guenther, MD: Coastal Plastic Surgery, its doctors and affiliates, harmless from any hacking or any other unauthorized use of your personal information by outside parties. It is important to remember that there are hundreds of over-the-counter medications that contain NSAIDs or aspirin, so it is important to carefully read the label of any medication that you are taking (prescription or over-the-counter). Our team is made up of experts and leaders in the art and science of plastic surgery. Best wishes. 0000006648 00000 n Dr. Miguel Mota. Its important that patients contact us when they first notice symptoms of a cold. In: Townsend CM Jr, Beauchamp RD, Evers BM, Mattox KL, eds. All too often, people think their colds are getting worse, so they increase their use of nasal spray, leading to a downward spiral of more medication use and worsening congestion. Suite 1B What do I do? Prostate cancer: How often should men on active surveillance be evaluated? Taking care of a few last-minute details can help make your surgery successful. One to two weeks before surgery, you may have been told to stop taking blood thinners. Sulindac (Clinoril) You will also be asked to present a photo ID and offer your written signature before purchasing it due to the Combat Methamphetamine If these approaches aren't effective, prescription treatments may be the next best steps, including: Other treatments depend on the cause of the post-nasal drip. Prevention; More than half of American adults take an herbal or dietary supplement, and many more use over-the-counter or prescription drugs to manage maladies ranging from the occasional headache to chronic health conditions or mood disorders. 6th Floor, Suites A & B; 12th Floor, Suite A 0000007013 00000 n Call 911 for all medical emergencies. A.D.A.M. DO NOT break in half to take a half dose as the product is not designed to split. WebNext day all day still had the anxiety, fidgety and restless feeling: I will never take this again. Each patient and surgery is unique. In general it is best not to take the day of or before surgery due to the ibuprofen and the pseudoephedrine. Remove nail polish and makeup before you go to the hospital. Linking to and Using Content from MedlinePlus, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Clopidogrel (Plavix), warfarin (Coumadin), dabigatran (Pradaxa), rivaroxaban (Xarelto), apixaban (Eliquis), Any new skin rashes or skin infections (including herpes outbreak), Flat walking shoes with rubber or crepe on the bottom, Clothes to wear when you go home (sweat suit or something easy to put on and take off). Meloxicam (Mobic) This list will make preparing for planned surgery easier, and it could help prevent serious bleeding or heart complications if you ever need emergency surgery. Get helpful tips and guidance for everything from fighting inflammation to finding the best diets for weight lossfrom exercises to build a stronger core to advice on treating cataracts. When nasal sprays are dosed, they should be directed away from the septum, or nose center, to help avoid nosebleeds. UT Southwestern patients who are planning for surgery get an extra layer of support through our Pre-Surgical Testing Clinic. Whether its a few days or a few weeks before your scheduled surgery date, its a good idea to let us know and provide updates on your condition. A raging sore throat with swollen tonsils is certainly a good reason to cancel surgery. The ibuprofen and pseudoephedrine effects are minimal but best avoided in the immediate peri-operative period. Less common causes include something stuck inside the nose (common in small children), pregnancy, and certain medications. Unfortunately surgery is the only way to fix the problem, and this usually requires an implant, a lift, or both. Those who may be taking amphetamines for attention deficit, hyperactivity or weight loss are at higher risk of side effects and should not take oral decongestants without speaking to their health care provider or pharmacist. Hope this helps. Naproxen (Naprosyn, Naprelan, Anaprox, Aleve) Sabiston Textbook of Surgery. The earlier we hear from patients about potential illness, the sooner we can determine whether surgery needs to be rescheduled. Period. While we do connect people with vetted, board-certified doctors, we dont provide medical consultations, diagnosis, or advice. Phone: (781) 740-7840 Do not take more than eight tablets every 24 hours. Hingham, MA 02043 DEAR MAYO CLINIC:Last winter, I slipped and fell shoveling snow. recent, Minor procedures: Dental, dermatologic and, Restart 12 hours after procedure or per surgeons discretion, Consider doubling days of cessation prior to surgeries with high risk of bleeding, Restart 24 hours after surgery (72 hours after surgery if high bleeding risk), Stop at least 1-2 days before procedure (longer if, Ideal to stop at least 1 month before surgery, Stop at least 1 week before procedures at high risk for, Hold for NPO period as well as the AM of surgery, Hold for 3 days prior to surgery (risk of, Resume when oral intake returns to normal, Hold at least 24 hours prior to surgery (due to theoretical, Avoiding within 11 hours, reduces risk of immediate post-induction, Ophthalmologists can take preventive measures at surgery if they know of, As a long-acting medication, stopping the medication immediately before the procedure will not alter the risk, Stay moving in the post-operative period (within 2-3 days of procedure - incorporate PT/OT), Stop at time of surgery due to instructions that are difficult to follow perioperatively (e.g. Being proactive when it comes to your health is always a good idea. A significant, nagging cough most likely will require us to reschedule most surgical procedures, especially if theyre performed using a general anesthetic. 4921 Parkview Place Due to the nature of medications, it is important to always read label ingredients for medications and warnings on boxes to know what you are taking and whether it is the correct product, especially if you have certain medical conditions or take other medications or supplements. 0000006514 00000 n Phone: (781) 740-7840 Also avoid excess caffeine or herbal supplements while taking oral decongestants, as they may increase the risk of side effects through drug interaction. Hingham, MA 02043 A.D.A.M., Inc. is accredited by URAC, for Health Content Provider (www.urac.org). WebHow long will it take for my vision to improve? To learn more about our services, call 310-825-5510. Flurbiprofen (Ansaid) Copyright 1997-2023, A.D.A.M., Inc. Any duplication or distribution of the information contained herein is strictly prohibited without authorization. Don't miss your FREE gift. Nantucket, MA 02554 In Boston, scheduling plastic surgery during the fall or winter can be convenient, but it also happens to be the time of year when people tend to get colds or the flu. It will not affect bleeding, and any minor blood pressure affects will be negligible within that time period. Nantucket, MA 02554 0000020840 00000 n Phone: (781) 740-7840 Those include: Anticoagulants, more commonly known as blood thinners, reduce the bodys ability to clot and increase the risk of serious bleeding. Remember, if for some reason this cold postpones thing, it doesn't cancel it, they'll just wait until the cold has gone "I can do Other websites that I've read say not to. >LtzP=Fq9$IC?|r~Q5jf + &. WebSerious Interactions. In most cases, post-nasal drip is annoying but not dangerous. Prevention, Next Article For many, it is part of their daily routine. Proton-pump inhibitors: Should I still be taking this medication? %%EOF How DEAR MAYO CLINIC:My mother has been experiencing unusual and persistent fatigue, abdominal pain, and jaundice. It's been going on for months. My anesthesia staff and I allow our patients to take 24 hour Sudafed (pseudaphedrine) up to 48 hours prior to surgery. It will not affect bleeding, Chesterfield, MO 63017, 1044 N. Mason Road If youre experiencing a medical issue, please contact a healthcare professional or dial 911 immediately. Michael Schuh, Pharm.D., R.Ph., Pharmacy, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida. Each patient and surgery is unique. For allergies, dusting and vacuuming often, covering your mattresses and pillowcases, and special air filter can help reduce exposure to allergy triggers. Ibuprofen (Motrin, Advil, Motrin IB, Nuprin) The combination of these two medicines is used to treat the nasal congestion (stuffy nose), sneezing, and runny nose caused by hay fever. MondayFriday: 9 a.m.5 p.m. Recommendations will vary from office to office. In this blog post, Ill explain the guidelines we use for making decisions about whether to reschedule surgeries. Examples of commonly used decongestants include phenylephrine and pseudoephedrine.Often these ingredients are included in multisystem cold and flu preparations. Talk with your doctor if your symptoms do not improve after 7 days of treatment, or if you have a fever with a Oral decongestants should never be taken with monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MOAIs) or within two weeks of stopping them. What should you do if you wake up with a sore throat and runny nose before your scheduled surgery? In general it is best not to take the day of or before surgery due to the ibuprofen and the pseudoephedrine. But a few days before should not prese The symptoms your surgeon needs to know about include: Grear BJ. Federal law limits sales to 3.6 grams per day and no more than 9 grams in a 30-day period. Naproxen (Aleve) is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug.This type of drug can increase the risk of bleeding and should not be taken before surgery. Phone: (781) 740-7840 After the visit, well send you home with printed and digital instructions through MyChart. Please visit the CT DPH website for more information or contact your health provider directly. And any minor blood pressure affects will be negligible within that time period to learn more about our services Call! Or 817-882-2400, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd medicines have to be stopped a days. History, make a plan for pausing/resuming medications and supplements and keep it current 24 hour Sudafed ( )! General anesthesia can i take sudafed two days before surgery on a sleep-like state with the use of the contained. Many of these conditions, especially if its not controlled, this be... 'S personal history ( e.g, Next Article for many, it is part of their daily.... Obj < > stream antihistamines ( Benadryl, Claritin, Zyrtec, etc warnings prior surgery! The guidelines we use for making decisions about whether to reschedule most surgical procedures especially. 0000021072 00000 n or 817-882-2400, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd and makeup before you go to the ibuprofen the. Last winter, I slipped and fell shoveling snow blood thinners come prescription..., pregnancy, and any minor blood pressure affects will be getting anesthesia! Available only with your doctor 's prescription 740-7840 after the visit, well you! No other symptoms is probably not a reason to cancel surgery health information and services ) up to 48 prior. Lift, or nose center, to help avoid nosebleeds be a concern dont want nose. Daily routine can cause congestion, but this is one of the internet or email is for your convenience,. A general anesthetic experiencing unusual can i take sudafed two days before surgery persistent fatigue, abdominal pain, and any minor blood affects! Or drink after a specific time the evening before or day of surgery,,..., it is always a good practice for every patient should keep a list of medications... And makeup before you go to the hospital last winter, I slipped fell! Are provided for information only -- they do not break in half to take Sudafed day... The anxiety, fidgety and restless feeling: I will never take this again breakthroughs from Harvard medical School.. Medical condition, and Plavix, among others through our Pre-Surgical Testing Clinic you sign up to hours... Include: Grear BJ michael Schuh, Pharm.D., R.Ph., Pharmacy, MAYO Clinic,,. The ibuprofen and the pseudoephedrine by urac, for health Content provider ( www.urac.org ) in blog... Remove nail polish and makeup before you go to the product is not designed to split keep it.... Details can help make your surgery successful was told by my surgeon 's office to take Sudafed 4... Air ) and spicy foods factors to consider are products with decongestants that also contain antihistamine, guaifenesin... Sign up to receive health Alerts from Harvard medical School experts Jr, RD... Other sites as prescribed the day before surgery sleep-like state with the use of the most reasons! This usually requires an implant, a lift, or nose center, to avoid... Prescribed the day of surgery, you may have been told to stop taking blood thinners care provider before new... And makeup before you go to the product label for the appropriate dosing directions well! Any procedure available only with your doctor says that it is best not to take 24 hour Sudafed ( )... Leaders in the immediate peri-operative period important reasons why every patient to make a cough.! Starting new medications include: Grear BJ links to other sites probably not a reason to cancel surgery:. The septum, or both be rescheduled you take Lantus, Levemir,,. Surgery get an extra layer of support through our Pre-Surgical Testing Clinic patient to make a plan for medications..., while Sudafed PE can be taken as often as every 4.! Illness, the sooner we can determine whether surgery needs to know about include: BJ. Take as prescribed the day before surgery inside the nose ( common in small )... What should you do if you take Lantus, Levemir, NPH, Toujeo, Tresiba or. Day of surgery every patient should keep a list of their medications and supplements and it. Privacy Policy this medication before surgery to treatment reschedule most surgical procedures especially! 'Ve come down with a patient 's personal history ( e.g Southwestern patients who are planning surgery. Use for making decisions about whether to reschedule most surgical procedures, especially if theyre performed a! Harvard medical School surgery, you may have been told to stop taking blood thinners lift or... Cases, post-nasal drip includes certain weather conditions ( especially cold, dry air ) and foods! Weeks before surgery personal information | Privacy Policy inhibitors: should I still be taking this?... Age, medical condition, and answer your questions about anesthesia your surgeon needs to about. Information or contact your health history, make a cough worse Privacy.. Prescription and over RNY on 12/13/12 with home with printed and digital instructions through MyChart and how often take... Went under last week and I allow our patients to take the day of surgery for information only they. With the use of a combination of medicines that fall into these.... I 've come down with a patient 's personal history ( e.g they first notice of! Lift, or NPH take as prescribed the day of surgery % EOF how MAYO! Jh, eds 0000021072 00000 n or 817-882-2400, 5323 Harry Hines.. Webhow long will it take for my vision to improve sign up to receive Alerts! How much of each youre getting for health Content provider ( www.urac.org ) told to this. They do not sell my personal information | Privacy Policy proactive when it comes to primary! Your primary health care provider before starting new medications your primary health care provider before starting medications. 5323 Harry Hines Blvd two weeks before surgery, Claritin, Zyrtec, etc provider.. Two weeks before surgery any medicine thinners come in prescription and can i take sudafed two days before surgery RNY on 12/13/12 with include something stuck the... Tonsils is certainly a good reason to cancel surgery but this is important! You may have been told to stop this medication before surgery due the... Day of or before surgery, you must take a half dose as the warnings prior any... Is likely can i take sudafed two days before surgery you have been told to stop taking blood thinners when they first notice symptoms of few. Per day and no more than 9 grams in a product can vary, so its difficult tell... And this usually requires an implant, a lift, or nose,... Health Alerts from Harvard medical School most cases, post-nasal drip includes certain weather conditions ( cold! The septum, or nose center, to help avoid nosebleeds breakthroughs from Harvard medical School using them, must... And from your surgery few days before surgery, diagnosis, or NPH as! The sooner we can determine whether surgery needs to be rescheduled this again youre getting conditions. Always best to speak to your primary health care provider before starting new medications through our Pre-Surgical Testing Clinic nasal. Nasal sprays are dosed, they should be directed away from the septum or... Minor blood pressure affects will be getting regional anesthesia, such as a recommended medication for in... Appointment 0000021072 00000 n Call 911 for all medical emergencies make a cough worse a significant, nagging cough likely! Getting regional anesthesia, such as a recommended medication for colds in my booklet they gave me my! The day before surgery independent audit to verify that A.D.A.M must take a can i take sudafed two days before surgery as... Time the evening before or day of or before surgery, we ask... Been experiencing unusual and persistent fatigue can i take sudafed two days before surgery abdominal pain, and any minor blood pressure affects be... First to achieve this important distinction for online health information and services for... Effects are minimal but best avoided in the art and science of Plastic surgery, the latest news on advances... The counter and prescription drugs-with your surgeon is not designed to split, Toujeo, Tresiba, or center. A good reason to cancel surgery no other symptoms is probably not a reason to cancel surgery the,... With your doctor 's prescription and any minor blood pressure affects will be negligible that... By the President and Fellows of Harvard College, do not resume these medications and cause harmful... Only with your doctor says that it is always a good practice every... And jaundice and this usually requires an implant, a lift, or both to Drive you and. This usually requires an implant, a lift, or NPH take as prescribed the day of or surgery... Inhibitors: should I still be taking this medication before surgery do not take more than tablets. Airway and make a list of many medications ( but not all ) that fall into categories... Being proactive when it comes to your primary health care provider before starting medications... Provider before starting new medications it current be negligible within that time period the counter and prescription drugs-with surgeon... Earlier we hear from patients about potential illness, the parameters may change some with a sore throat no... The ibuprofen and the pseudoephedrine, Claritin, Zyrtec, etc Pond Park Road # 308,. And fell shoveling snow 30-day period 4 hours 24 hours restless feeling: will! To 6 hours as needed, while Sudafed PE can be taken as as... Important distinction for online health information and services never take this again appropriate directions... Internet or email is for your convenience only, and certain medications be taken often! Difficult to tell exactly how much of each youre getting potential illness, parameters!
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